| Current Entry | 満年齢 [まんねんれい] /(n) age/ (1812450) |
| Headword 1 | 満年齢 |
| Reading 1 | まんねんれい |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | nage (expressed in the Western style of counting fully completed years) |
| Reference | gg5 |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment | nage? |
| Current Entry | 梱包 [こんぽう] /(n,vs) packing/crating/packaging/ (1290300) |
| Headword 1 | 梱包 |
| Headword 2 | こん包 |
| Reading 1 | こんぽう |
| Part-of-speech | n,vs |
| English 1 | packing |
| English 2 | crating |
| English 3 | packaging |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 梱包材 [こんぽうざい] /(n) (See 梱包) packing material (boxes, insulation, shock resistance, etc.)/ (2077220) |
| Headword 1 | 梱包材 |
| Headword 2 | こん包材 |
| Reading 1 | こんぽうざい |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | (See 梱包) packing material (boxes, insulation, shock resistance, etc.) |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Name |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 梱包費 [こんぽうひ] /(n) packaging cost/ (2431080) |
| Headword 1 | 梱包費 |
| Headword 2 | こん包費 |
| Reading 1 | こんぽうひ |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | packaging cost |
| English 2 | packaging fee |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Name |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 友人 [ゆうじん] /(n) friend (formal)/(P)/ (1540150) |
| Headword 1 | 友人 |
| Reading 1 | ゆうじん |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | friend (formal) |
| Comment | Well no dictionary that I have access to makes the distinction! That includes: gg5, Genius, yahoo dictionaries: daijirin, daijisen, プログレッシブ和英中辞典, ニューセンチュリー和英辞典 and most authoritative of all, Eijiro (alc) which lists the following meanings:
友人 * associate（気心の知れた） * company * confidante〈フランス語〉（秘密を打ち明けられる女の）〔【対】confidant〕 * confidant〈フランス語〉（秘密を打ち明けられる男の）〔【対】confidante〕 * friend * nigga〈米黒人俗〉〔黒人が親しみを込めて使う分には問題ないが、誤解などを防ぐためにも使用は避けるべきである。〕 * pal * peer * spee〈英俗〉 I was under the impression that there was no difference and 友人 is definitely not always used in a formal way. I'll trust Jim to make the best decision on this important issue. |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment | I really doubt that Eijiro can be called "authoritative". I certainly support the "more formal than 友達" position. That's how I've heard it used and said it. |
| Current Entry | 友人 [ゆうじん] /(n) friend (formal)/(P)/ (1540150) |
| Headword 1 | 友人 |
| Reading 1 | ゆうじん |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | friend (formal) |
| Comment | i don't know if i'd call it "formal" since that seems to place right up there in rank with keigo or something, but as those references indicate, it's certainly "more formal" than 友達.
when i was first learning, i was told the differences between 友達 and 友人 were that 友人 is more formal and that it isn't used in compound words like "遊び友達" From the book I used (Kanji in Context Reference Book written by these guys: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/IUC/ ... they don't use 達 because they haven't introduced that character yet): 友 ゆう／とも 友だち ともだち friend cf. tomodachi is normally written as 友達 友人 ゆうじん friend (more formal than 友だち) Answers to the question here suggest that many native speakers can't quite put their finger on the difference, but there are numerous suggestions that 友人 is more formal: http://kotonoha.cc/no/53381 "友達＝仲いい子・くだけた場。友人＝知り合いぐらい・かしこまった場" "友達→普段着 友人→フォーマルなイメージかなー。" "友人の方が堅めな感じ。" "口語では友達 文章では友人 かな?" "カジュアルな場面では友達。かしこまった丁寧な言葉を使う必要がある場面では友人。" "かしこまった場では友人。" "目上の人には友人って言うなぁ。" "公の場では友人、かな" "規則性はないけど、友人より友達の方がくだけた感じ。" |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Rene Malenfant |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 友人 [ゆうじん] /(n) friend (formal)/(P)/ (1540150) |
| Headword 1 | 友人 |
| Reading 1 | ゆうじん |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | friend (formal) |
| Comment | Here's the entry from Shogakukan's 類語例解辞典 that's packaged with Mac OS X:
ともだち【友だち】 ゆうじん【友人】 とも【友】 同じ考え方を持ったり、行動をともにしたり、いつも親しくつきあっている人。(英) "a friend" 使い分け 【１】「友だち」が、最も一般的。また、「遊び友だち」など「…友だち」の形で複合語をつくることも多い。「だち」は、本来複数を表わすが、現在では単数でも「友だち」という。「友達」とも書く。 【２】「友人」は、「友だち」の改まった言い方。 【３】「友」は、文章語。また、「風月を友とする」のように、自分が特に親しみを感じるものを意味することもある。 関連語 ペンフレンド・ペンパル： ペンフレンド・ペンパル手紙を通してつきあう友人。文通仲間。 朋友： 「友だち」「友人」の意の文章語。 友垣： 「友だち」「友人」の意で、主に詩歌などで使われる語。交わりを結ぶのを、垣を結ぶのにたとえたもの。 酒徒： 一緒に酒を飲む友人。 茶飲み友だち： 茶を飲みながら世間話などをする親しい友人。 ルームメイト： 寮、寄宿舎などの同じ部屋で生活する友人。普通、同性の友人をいう。 |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Rene Malenfant |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 朋友 [ほうゆう] /(n) friend/companion/ (1517140) |
| Headword 1 | 朋友 |
| Reading 1 | ほうゆう |
| Reading 2 | ポンユー |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | friend |
| English 2 | companion |
| Reference | koj, daijr, daijs |
| Comment | ポンユー is from (chi: pengyou)
|
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Rene Malenfant |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 傍輩 [ほうばい] /(n) companion/colleague/fellow student or apprentice/ (1519020) |
| Headword 1 | 傍輩 |
| Reading 1 | ほうばい |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | companion |
| English 2 | colleague |
| English 3 | fellow student or apprentice |
| Comment | delete--merge
|
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Rene Malenfant |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 朋輩 [ほうばい] /(n) comrade/friend/associate/ (1517130) |
| Headword 1 | 朋輩 |
| Headword 2 | 傍輩 |
| Reading 1 | ほうばい |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | comrade |
| English 2 | friend |
| English 3 | associate |
| English 4 | colleague |
| English 5 | fellow student |
| English 6 | fellow apprentice |
| Reference | koj, daijr, daijs |
| Comment | 朋輩 is ateji. kojien appears to keep them separate either because of that or because they have different historical kana readings
|
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Rene Malenfant |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Headword 1 | 友つ人 |
| Reading 1 | ともつひと |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| Misc | arch |
| English 1 | friend |
| English 2 | comrade |
| English 3 | companion |
| Reference | koj |
| Name | Rene Malenfant |
| Submission Type | new |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 友子 [ともこ] /Tomoko (f)/NA/ |
| Headword 1 | 友子 |
| Reading 1 | ともこ |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | (arch) friend |
| English 2 | comrade |
| English 3 | companion |
| Reference | koj, daijr, daijs |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Rene Malenfant |
| Submission Type | new |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | ダチ /(n) (See 友達) (col) (abbr) friend/ (2463630) |
| Headword 1 | ダチ |
| Headword 2 | だち |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | (See 友達) (col) (abbr) friend |
| Reference | koj |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Rene Malenfant |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 眼が冴える [めがさえる] /(exp) to be wide-awake/to be wakeful/ (1911790) |
| Headword 1 | 眼が冴える |
| Reading 1 | めがさえる |
| Part-of-speech | exp |
| English 1 | to be wide-awake |
| English 2 | to be wakeful |
| Comment | 眼が冴える 【めがさえる】 (exp) to be wide-awake; to be wakeful [G][GI][S][A]
目が冴える 【めがさえる】 (n) to be wide awake; to be unable to sleep [G][GI][S][A] Merge |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Name |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Headword 1 | フリース転移 |
| Reading 1 | フリースてんい |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | Fries rearrangement (chem) |
| Reference | http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/転位反応 |
| Name | Don Graham |
| Submission Type | new |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | ちょう待って [ちょうまって] /(exp) (ksb:) Wait a minute/ (2449460) |
| Headword 1 | ちょう待って |
| Reading 1 | ちょうまって |
| Part-of-speech | exp |
| English 1 | (ksb:) Wait a minute |
| Reference | ちょっと待って |
| Comment | I have never heard this phrase, never use it.
Native japanes speaker never ever use this phrase. |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Conan |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
Hmmm. 46K WWW pages have it, including many blog pages in Japanese. In
a Wikipedia page on 播州弁 there is a vocab. list, and it says:
ちょびっと／ちょう 【副】少し。少々。「ちょう」は「ちょっと」の転訛。「ちょびっと」は、物理的な量の意味に限定して用いる。「ちょう」は流行語の「超~」と、音は同じなのに意味は正反対となっている。両者は微妙にアクセントが異なり、それに加えて文脈のニュアンスで区別・判断する。兵庫県南部全域において、現在でも日常的な表現。 （例：「ちょう待ってや」→「ちょっと待ってよ」） |
| Current Entry | 直面 [ちょくめん] /(n,vs) confrontation/(P)/ (1431540) |
| Headword 1 | 直面 |
| Reading 1 | ちょくめん |
| Part-of-speech | n,vs |
| English 1 | confrontation |
| English 2 | (vs) to face |
| English 3 | to confront |
| English 4 | to encounter |
| Reference | gg5 |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 遊び人 [あそびにん] /(n) carouser/playboy/ (1542100) |
| Headword 1 | 遊び人 |
| Reading 1 | あそびにん |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | carouser |
| English 2 | playboy |
| English 3 | gambler |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Name |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 友人 [ゆうじん] /(n) friend (formal)/(P)/ (1540150) |
| Headword 1 | 友人 |
| Reading 1 | ゆうじん |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | friend (very slightly more formal than 友達) |
| Comment | The vibe from that Kotonoha question and from the other sources that you referenced seems to be that 友人 is slightly more formal in the eyes of a certain percentage of Japanese speakers. That might be because ともだち is the more common/basic word (according to google hits). However, it seemed like most struggled to really find a difference. I see this as a mostly artificial case of 使い分け。I don't mind having a reference to the perceived increase in formality but labelling it as "formal" is going too far and might be confusing. |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 茶飲み友達 [ちゃのみともだち] /(n) crony/buddy/ (1711590) |
| Headword 1 | 茶飲み友達 |
| Reading 1 | ちゃのみともだち |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | (1) tea-drinking companion |
| English 2 | buddy |
| English 3 | crony |
| English 4 | (2) spouse married late in life for companionship |
| Reference | gg5 |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 擁護者 [？] /advocate/apologist/champion/defender/proponent/WI2/ |
| Headword 1 | 擁護者 |
| Reading 1 | ようごしゃ |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | advocate |
| English 2 | defender |
| English 3 | champion |
| English 4 | backer |
| Reference | gg5 |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | new |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | アミカス・キュリエ /(n) Amicus curiae/WI1/ |
| Headword 1 | アミカス・キュリエ |
| Headword 2 | アミカス・キューリー |
| Headword 3 | アミカス・キュリィ |
| Part-of-speech | n |
| English 1 | Amicus curiae |
| English 2 | friend of the court |
| Reference | wiki |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | new |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 者共 [ものども] /(?) ???/RH/ |
| Headword 1 | 者共 |
| Reading 1 | ものども |
| Part-of-speech | pn |
| English 1 | derog) you |
| Reference | daij |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Name |
| Submission Type | new |
| Editorial Comment |
| Current Entry | 口を割る [くちをわる] /(exp) to confess/to speak out/ (1872200) |
| Headword 1 | 口を割る |
| Reading 1 | くちをわる |
| Part-of-speech | exp,v5r |
| English 1 | to confess |
| English 2 | to speak out |
| English 3 | to disclose |
| English 4 | to tell |
| Other language option | eng |
| Name | Scott |
| Submission Type | amend |
| Editorial Comment |